Article

In order for cells to function properly, cargo needs to be constantly transported from one point to another within the cell, like on a goods station. This cargo is located in or on intracellular membranes, called vesicles. These membranes have a signature, and only those with the correct signature may fuse with the membrane of another organelle into one compartment. The membrane itself must be recognized by a target membrane, which employs long tethering proteins to find its match.

David Murray and Marcus Jahnel from the labs of Marino Zerial at the MPI-CBG and Stephan Grill at the Biotechnology Center of the TU Dresden were curious to find out how these large tether proteins are able to recognize the signature of a membrane compartment and pull it in in order for the small fusion proteins to engage. They and their colleagues discovered that when the vesicle docks by an active Rab5 GTPase, then this protein is sending a message along the rigid tether protein to become flexible. This change in flexibility results in a force that starts the vesicle’s trip towards the target membrane to initiate docking and fusion. This newly found mechanism is published in the journal Nature and intuitively explains how traffic within the cell can be efficient and selective, and resolves a paradox of sizes.